Diabetes: recognise the signs and make time for your health

Not all types of diabetes are the same

Diabetes involves too little insulin or difficulty using it effectively. Type 1 diabetes requires insulin; lifestyle changes are not a way to prevent it. Type 2 diabetes can sometimes be prevented or delayed. Gestational diabetes needs specific care during pregnancy. ^[1]

Which signs deserve attention?

• Feeling thirstier and urinating more often.
• Unexplained tiredness and blurred vision.
• Slow-healing wounds and repeated infections.

If these occur, see a healthcare professional and discuss whether you need testing. Symptoms alone cannot establish a diagnosis. ^[2]

One reading is not a diagnosis

A doctor may arrange laboratory glucose or HbA1c tests. HbA1c reflects average blood sugar over about three months, but is not suitable in every situation. A home glucose meter cannot diagnose diabetes; a healthcare professional should interpret your results. ^[3]

Discuss your risk before symptoms appear

Excess weight, type 2 diabetes in close relatives and previous gestational diabetes can increase risk. Discuss your individual risk with a doctor even if you feel well. Appropriate food choices, physical activity and gradual weight loss when needed can help prevent or delay type 2 diabetes. ^[4]

Choose steps you can keep doing

• Choose water instead of sugary drinks.
• Watch portion sizes and include vegetables and whole grains.
• Build activity gradually; discuss a suitable walking plan with your healthcare professional.
• Set a small goal and keep track of progress.

Focus on sustainable habits rather than promises of a quick fix. ^[5]